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1.中北大学 化学与化工学院,山西 太原 030051
2.中北大学德州产业技术研究院,山东 德州 253034
张海燕(1989-), 女, 讲师, 博士, 主要从事生物基功能单体及聚合物性能的研究。E⁃mail: 20210142@nuc.edu.cn。
荀苗苗(1986-), 女, 讲师, 博士, 主要从事多功能介孔SiO2载体构建及其基因/药物共传递的研究。E⁃mail: mmxun@nuc.edu.cn。
收稿:2025-08-07,
网络首发:2026-07-31,
纸质出版:2026-08-31
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张海燕, 荀苗苗, 傅凯, 等. 基于低分子质量PEI的类PEG聚合物基因载体[J]. 中北大学学报(自然科学版), 2026, 47(4): 482-490.
Zhang Haiyan, Xun Miaomiao, Fu Kai, et al. PEG⁃like polymers based on low molecular weight PEI as gene vectors[J]. Journal of North University of China(Natural Science Edition), 2026, 47(4): 482-490.
张海燕, 荀苗苗, 傅凯, 等. 基于低分子质量PEI的类PEG聚合物基因载体[J]. 中北大学学报(自然科学版), 2026, 47(4): 482-490. DOI: 10.62756/jnuc.issn.1673-3193.2025.08.0003.
Zhang Haiyan, Xun Miaomiao, Fu Kai, et al. PEG⁃like polymers based on low molecular weight PEI as gene vectors[J]. Journal of North University of China(Natural Science Edition), 2026, 47(4): 482-490. DOI: 10.62756/jnuc.issn.1673-3193.2025.08.0003.
针对聚乙烯亚胺(PEI)类基因载体存在转染效率与细胞毒性难兼顾、 血清稳定性差的问题, 本研究以低分子质量聚乙烯亚胺(PEI, 分子质量600 u)作为基准, 将其分别接枝至不同链长(二甘醇、 三甘醇、 四甘醇及五甘醇)的生物可降解类PEG聚酯骨架上, 成功构建了4种新型聚合物, 分别命名为L1~L4。采用核磁共振氢谱(¹H NMR)对所得聚合物的化学结构进行鉴定, 同时借助凝胶渗透色谱(GPC)测定其分子质量分布。进一步通过琼脂糖凝胶电泳实验考察该系列聚合物与DNA之间的结合能力。此外, 选用人骨肉瘤细胞(U2OS)、 宫颈癌细胞(HeLa)和肝癌细胞(HepG2)作为体外模型, 以pEGFP-N1为报告基因, 在无血清环境中通过观测绿色荧光蛋白的表达水平, 对各聚合物/DNA复合物的转染性能进行评估, 并以PEI 25 ku作为对照。¹H NMR与GPC的结果证实目标聚合物合成成功。凝胶电泳结果表明, 所有聚合物均具有良好的DNA包裹能力。体外转染实验显示, 聚合物L3在3种细胞中均表现出最高的转染效率。尤其在U2OS细胞中, 该系列聚合物表现出显著高于PEI 25 ku的转染效率。该研究为开发高效、 低毒、 稳定性的非病毒基因载体提供了新的材料设计思路。
To address the challenge of balancing high transfection efficiency with low cytotoxicity and poor serum stability in polyethylenimine (PEI)-based gene carriers,
low molecular weight polyethyleneimine (PEI, 600 u) was employed as the cationic core and grafted onto biodegradable PEG-like polyester backbones with varying chain lengths (diethylene glycol, triethylene glycol, tetraethylene glycol and pentaethylene glycol), successfully constructing four novel polymers designated as L1 to L4. The chemical structures of the obtained polymers were characterized by proton nuclear magnetic resonance (
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H NMR), while their molecular weight distributions were determined by gel permeation chromatography (GPC). Furthermore, the DNA binding affinity of these polymers was evaluated by agarose gel electrophoresis. In addition, three cell lines—cervical carcinoma (HeLa), human osteosarcoma (U2OS) and hepatocellular carcinoma (HepG2) served as in vitro models for evaluating the transfection efficiency of the polymer/DNA complexes under serum-free conditions using green fluorescent protein expression from the pEGFP-N1 reporter gene, with PEI 25 ku serving as a positive control. Both
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H NMR and GPC analyses confirmed the successful synthesis of the target polymers. Gel electrophoresis indicated that all polymers exhibited good DNA-binding ability. In vitro transfection experiments demonstrated that polymer L3 achieved the highest transfection efficiency across all three cell types. Notably, in U2OS cells, the entire series of polymers demonstrated significantly higher transfection efficiency than PEI 25 ku. This study provides a new material design strategy for developing non-viral gene carriers with high efficiency, low toxicity, and enhanced stability.
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