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中北大学 仪器与电子学院, 山西 太原 030051
周珺玙(2000-), 男, 硕士生, 主要从事动态测试与智能仪器仪表的研究。
王文廉(1978-), 男, 教授, 博士, 主要从事测试系统与仪器、 信号与信息处理的研究。E⁃mail: wangwenlian@nuc.edu.cn。
收稿:2026-01-02,
网络首发:2026-06-13,
纸质出版:2026-08-31
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周珺玙, 王文廉. 面向高空爆炸试验的冲击波测试系统[J]. 中北大学学报(自然科学版), 2026, 47(4): 464-471.
Zhou Junyu, Wang Wenlian. A shock wave testing system for high⁃altitude explosion experiments[J]. Journal of North University of China(Natural Science Edition), 2026, 47(4): 464-471.
周珺玙, 王文廉. 面向高空爆炸试验的冲击波测试系统[J]. 中北大学学报(自然科学版), 2026, 47(4): 464-471. DOI: 10.62756/jnuc.issn.1673-3193.2026.01.0001.
Zhou Junyu, Wang Wenlian. A shock wave testing system for high⁃altitude explosion experiments[J]. Journal of North University of China(Natural Science Edition), 2026, 47(4): 464-471. DOI: 10.62756/jnuc.issn.1673-3193.2026.01.0001.
针对空爆条件下冲击波传播特性与地面爆炸存在显著差异, 且传统冲击波测试装置难以适用于空中布设及多方向冲击波测量的问题, 设计并研制了一种轻量化空爆冲击波测试系统。该系统以径向极化球形压电传感器为核心敏感单元, 利用其几何对称结构实现冲击波超压信号的全向响应测量。构建了由信号调理电路、 高速模数转换模块、 空间信息获取模块及本地存储单元组成的存储式测试系统, 实现了冲击波信号的自动触发、 高速采集与本地记录。系统采样速率为1 MSPS, 模数转换分辨率为12位, 并通过紧凑化结构设计与轻量化封装, 使整体装置能够满足空中悬挂布设的试验需求。通过悬挂式室外爆炸试验对系统性能进行了验证, 在不同爆炸高度和方位角条件下, 测试系统均能够稳定获取完整的冲击波超压时程曲线。试验结果表明, 各测点记录的冲击波超压峰值分布集中, 相对标准偏差为4.8%, 系统具有良好的动态响应能力和测量一致性。本文所研制的测试系统能够在空中环境下稳定获取冲击波压力时程数据, 可为空爆冲击波传播规律研究及高空毁伤效应评估提供有效的测试手段。
For the problem that the shock-wave propagation characteristics have significant differences with ground explosion under airburst conditions, and traditional shock-wave test devices are difficult to be applicable to in-air deployment and multi-direction shock-wave measurement, a lightweight airburst shock-wave test system was designed and developed. This system took the radially polarized spherical piezoelectric sensor as the core sensitive unit, and used its geometrical symmetric structure to realize omnidirectional response measurement of shock-wave overpressure signals. A storage-type test system composed of signal-conditioning circuit, high-speed analog-to-digital conversion module, spatial-information acquisition module and local storage unit was constructed, realizing automatic triggering, high-speed acquisition and local recording of shock-wave signals. The system sampling rate was 1 MSPS, the analog-to-digital conversion resolution was 12 bit, and through compact structure design and lightweight packaging, the whole device could meet the test requirements of in-air suspended deployment. Through suspended outdoor explosion tests, the system performance was verified, under different explosion heights and azimuth-angle conditions, the test system could stably acquire complete shock-wave overpressure time-history curves. The test results show that the shock-wave overpressure peak values recorded by each measuring point are distributed concentratedly, the relative standard deviation is 4.8%, and the system has good dynamic response ability and measurement consistency. The developed test system can stably acquire shock-wave pressure time-history data under in-air environment, and can provide an effective test means for airburst shock-wave propagation law research and high-altitude damage-effect evaluation.
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