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1.中北大学 航空宇航学院,山西 太原 030051
2.中北大学 信息与通信工程学院,山西 太原 030051
3.中北大学 功能高分子复合材料山西省重点实验室,山西 太原 030051
戚云超(1993-), 男, 副教授, 博士, 主要从事纤维复合材料力学性能的研究。E⁃mail: qiyc@nuc.edu.cn。
赵贵哲(1965-), 男, 教授, 博士, 主要从事树脂基纤维功能复合材料制备及成型新技术新工艺的研究。E⁃mail: zgz@nuc.edu.cn。
收稿:2026-03-04,
网络首发:2026-07-31,
纸质出版:2026-08-31
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戚云超, 刘豫祺, 李鑫芳, 等. 基于机器学习的复合材料结构设计与性能表征研究进展[J]. 中北大学学报(自然科学版), 2026, 47(4): 511-530.
Qi Yunchao, Liu Yuqi, Li Xinfang, et al. Research progress on machine learning⁃based structural design and performance characterization of composites[J]. Journal of North University of China(Natural Science Edition), 2026, 47(4): 511-530.
戚云超, 刘豫祺, 李鑫芳, 等. 基于机器学习的复合材料结构设计与性能表征研究进展[J]. 中北大学学报(自然科学版), 2026, 47(4): 511-530. DOI: 10.62756/jnuc.issn.1673-3193.2026.03.0002.
Qi Yunchao, Liu Yuqi, Li Xinfang, et al. Research progress on machine learning⁃based structural design and performance characterization of composites[J]. Journal of North University of China(Natural Science Edition), 2026, 47(4): 511-530. DOI: 10.62756/jnuc.issn.1673-3193.2026.03.0002.
复合材料因其具备轻量化、 面内具有高强度、 耐疲劳等特性, 在航空航天、 工程建设领域得到了日益广泛的应用, 但同时其各向异性特征、 复杂非线性结构等设计特点也使得传统的复合材料研发模式面临巨大挑战。传统研发方法依赖大量物理实验, 存在周期长、 成本高、 设计精度有限的局限性。机器学习技术的发展为材料科学带来了全新的研究思路, 该方法能够通过数据驱动的方式发掘材料结构与性能之间的深层数字规律, 取代仿真分析与重复实验的冗杂过程, 显著缩短新材料的研发周期, 降低研发成本。本文旨在从结构设计、 性能表征和工艺优化三个方面系统性综述机器学习在复合材料研究中的应用现状与变革潜力。首先阐述了机器学习建立的高精度代理模型对复合材料结构设计参数优化效率的提升; 进而介绍了机器学习应用在复合材料多尺度性能表征中的突破, 从数据驱动下的性能预测和利用深度学习建立精确本构关系两方面剖析了该领域前沿的研究路径; 最后探讨了基于工艺参数智能调控的复合材料制造技术与生产流程中的智能排程问题, 指出了基于机器学习领域当前的数据质量、 模型可解释性及产业链融合情况下利用机器学习方法进一步推动复合材料研究所面临的挑战与未来发展方向。
Composites have been increasingly applied in aerospace and engineering construction due to their multi-physical field coupling and anisotropic characteristics. However, their complex nonlinear structures posed significant challenges to the traditional research and development paradigm. The conventional trial-and-error approach, which relied heavily on physical experiments, was limited by long cycles, high costs, and difficulties in exploring the vast design space. The introduction of machine learning technologies brought novel research insights to materials science, enabling the exploration of the deep structure–property relationships of materials through a data-driven approach. This study aims to provide a systematic review of the current application status and transformative potential of machine learning in composite materials research, structured across three primary dimensions: structural design, performance characterization, and process optimization. The article first elucidated how high-fidelity surrogate models developed through machine learning significantly enhanced the efficiency of optimizing structural design parameters. Furthermore, it introduced breakthroughs in multi-scale performance characterization, delving into the research frontiers by exploring data-driven performance prediction and the utilization of deep learning architectures for the precise formulation of constitutive relations. Finally, the paper discussed intelligent manufacturing technologies of composites based on intelligent regulation of process parameters and intelligent scheduling in the production flow. It points out the challenges and future development directions of further promoting composites research using machine learning in view of current data quality, model interpretability, and industrial chain integration in the machine learning field.
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